A New Multi Parameter Heptane Plus Splitting Marching Scheme
Abstract
A detailed and accurate composition for pseudo-components are essential in studies involves compositional analysis such as compositional simulator or surface flash calculations using equation of state. Such detailed composition requires experimental procedure in which the detailed composition is determined. Most of the time a detailed fluid composition study is not available and only the composition and molecular weight of the heptane plus component exist, hence methods are required to determine the detailed composition of the heavier hydrocarbon components. The new splitting model is developed using a database composed from 79 different samples collected from the literature in addition to 27 gas condensate and volatile oil samples obtained from a reservoir in the Middle East, in addition to two gas condensate samples measured in the KU-general facility lab. The developed splitting model has accurately characterized the samples composition using only molecular weight and mole fraction of the heptane plus pseudo-composition, which are commonly defined in conventional hydrocarbon fluid reports. Error analysis shows that the developed model outperformed existing models and accurately predicted the detailed composition of heavier hydrocarbon components.
References
Ahmed, T., 2007. Equations of State and PVT Analysis. Aplications for improved reservoir modeling., First Edit. ed. Gulf Pub, Houston, Tex.
Ahmed, T., 2006. Reservoir Engineering Handbook, Chemical, Petrochemical & Process. Elsevier.
Ahmed, T.H., Cady, G.V., Story, A.L., 1985. A Generalized Correlation for Characterizing the Hydrocarbon Heavy Fractions, in: Proceedings of SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, pp. 1–12. doi:10.2523/14266-MS
Ahmed, T.H., Cady, G.V., Story, a. L., Verma, V., Banerjee, S., 1984. An Accurate Method for Extending the Analysis of C7+, in: Proceedings of SPE Rocky Mountain Regional Meeting. Society of Petroleum Engineers. doi:10.2523/12670-ms
Burle, M.R., Kumar, K.H., Watanasiri, S., 1985. Characterization methods improve phase-behavior predictions. Oil Gas J.;(United States) 83.
Danesh, A., 1998. PVT and phase behaviour of petroleum reservoir fluids. Elsevier, Amsterdam; New York.
Gao, F., Han, L., 2012. Implementing the Nelder-Mead simplex algorithm with?adaptive parameters. Comput. Optim. Appl. 51, 259–277. doi:10.1007/s10589-010-9329-3
Ghasemi, M., Sedarat, E., Gerami, S., Ebrahimzadeh, S., Emadi, M.A., 2014. On the analytical extension of gas condensate plus fraction. J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 21, 1–9. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2014.07.013
Hosein, R., Mccain, W.D., a, T., 2007. SPE 110152 Extended Analysis for Gas Condensate Systems. Carbon N. Y.
Hosein, R., McCain, W.D., Jagai, T., 2012. A four coefficient model for extending the heptanes-plus fraction for gas condensate systems, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering. Elsevier. doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2012.11.007
Katz, D.L., 1983. Overview of Phase Behavior in Oil and Gas Production. J. Pet. Technol. 35, 1205–1214. doi:10.2118/9995-PA
Katz, D.L., Firoozabadi, A., 1978. Predicting Phase Behavior of Condensate/Crude-Oil Systems Using Methane Interaction Coefficients. J. Pet. Technol. 30, 1649–1655. doi:10.2118/6721-PA
Kesler, M.G., Lee, B.I., 1976. Improve Prediction of Enthalpy of Fractions. Hydrocarb. Process. 55, 153–158.
Lagarias, J.C., Reeds, J.A., Wright, M.H., Wright, P.E., 1998. Convergence Properties of the Nelder--Mead Simplex Method in Low Dimensions. SIAM J. Optim. 9, 112–147. doi:10.1137/S1052623496303470
Lee, B.I., Kesler, M.G., 1975. A Generalized Thermodynamic Correlation Based on Three- Parameter Corresponding States. AIChe J. 21, 510–527.
Lohrenz, J., Bray, B., Clark, C., 1964. Calculating Viscosities of Reservoir Fluids From Their Compositions. J. Pet. Technol. 16, 1171–1176. doi:10.2118/915-PA
Nelder, J.A., Mead, R., 1965. A Simplex Method for Function Minimization. Comput. J. 7, 308–313. doi:10.1093/comjnl/7.4.308
Pedersen, K.S., Fredenslund, A., 1987. An improved corresponding states model for the prediction of oil and gas viscosities and thermal conductivities. Chem. Eng. Sci. 42, 182–186. doi:10.1016/0009-2509(87)80225-7
Pedersen, K.S., Thomassen, P., Fredenslund, A., 1984. Thermodynamics of petroleum mixtures containing heavy hydrocarbons. 1. Phase envelope calculations by use of the Soave-Redlich-Kwong equation of state. Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 23, 163–170. doi:10.1021/i200024a027
Riazi, M.R., Daubert, T.E., 1987. Characterization Parameters for Petroleum Fractions. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 26, 755–759. doi:10.1021/ie00064a023
Tomick, J.J., 1995. On convergence of the Nelder-Mead simplex algorithm for unconstrained stochastic optimization. The Pennsylvania State University.
Whitson, C., 1983. Characterizing Hydrocarbon Plus Fractions. Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 23. doi:10.2118/12233-PA
Whitson, C.H., 1984. Effect of C7+ Properties on Equation-of-State Predictions. Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 24, 685–696. doi:10.2118/11200-PA
Whitson, C.H., Torp, S.B., 1981. Evaluating Constant Volume Depletion Data, SPE 10067. 56th Annu. Fall Tech. Conf. Exhib. Soc. Pet. Eng.
Yu, L., Chen, H., Wang, S., Lai, K.K., 2009. Evolving least square support vector machines for stock market trend mining. IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput. 13, 1–43.