Optical Data Centers Router Design with Fiber Delay Lines and Negative Acknowledgement
Abstract
Optical packet switch/optical interconnect will be integral part of high speed switching and datacenter applications. In recent past Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) based designs have shown promising solutions for contention resolution and packet routing. Most of the designs take the advantage of wavelength parallelism and wavelength-based routing nature of AWG. In general, two classes of design have emerged: buffer less and with buffer. In recent past the concept of All-Optical Negative Acknowledgement (AO-NACK) is introduced in case of buffer-less design. Here, in case of dropping of packet a negative acknowledgement is send back to the sender to re-transmit the packet. The drawback of the scheme is that the numbers of re-transmitted packets are huge in buffer less design. In this paper, a buffer-based design is presented where both buffer and negative acknowledgement is utilized to reduce the number of transmitted packets to 3000 times compare with buffer less design, in case of transmission of 106packets. Moreover, negative acknowledgement hardware design is simplified significantly.
References
Ye, X.; et al. (2004). DOS: A scalable optical switch for datacenters. Proc.ACM/IEEE Symp. ANCS, La Jolla, CA, 1–12.
Hemenway, R.; Grzybowski, R.; Minkenberg, C.; and Luijten, R.(2004). Optical-packet-switched interconnect for supercomputer applications. OSA J. Opt. Networking, 3(12), 900–913.
Yin, Y.; Proietti, R.; Ye, X.; Nitta, C.; Akella, V.; and Yoo, S. Mar./Apr. (2012). LIONS: An AWGR-based low-latency optical switch for high performance computing and data centers. IEEE J. Sel. Topics Quantum Electron., 19(2), art. no. 3600409.
Yin, Y.; Proietti, R.; Ye, X.; Yu, R.; Akella, V.; and Yoo, S. J. B. (2012). Experimental demonstration of LIONS: A low latency optical switch for high performance computing. in Proc. Int. Conf. Photon. Switching, pp. 1–2.
Rastegarfar, H.; et.al. (2013). Cross-Layer Performance Analysis of Recirculation Buffers for Optical Data Center. IEEE Journal of Lightwave Technology, 31(3), 432-445.
Srivastava, R.; and Singh, Y.N. (2010). Feedback fiber delay lines and AWG based optical packet switch architecture. Optical Switching and Networking, 7(2), 75-84.
Vaibhav Shukla, A. Jain, R. Srivastava, “Design of an Arrayed Waveguide Gratings based Optical Packet Switch”, Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (JESTEC), Vol.-11(12). pp. 1705-1721, (2016).
Shukla, V.; Jain, A.; Srivastava, R. (2016). Performance evaluation of an AWG based optical router. Optical and Quantum Electronics, 48(69), 1-16.
Vaibhav Shukla; A. Jain “Design of AWG based Optical Switch for High Speed Optical Networks”, IJE TRANSACTIONS A: Basics Vol. 29, No. 7, (2016), 909-915.
Proietti, R.; Yin, C. J. N. Y.; Yu, R.; Yoo, S. J. B.; and Akella, V. Mar./Apr. (2012). Scalable and distributed contention resolution in AWGR-based data center switches using RSOA-based optical mutual exclusion. IEEE J. Sel. Topics Quantum Electron., 19(2), art. No. 3600111.
Niwa, T.; Hasegawa, H.; Sato, K.; Watanabe,T.; and Takahashi, H. (2012). Large port countwavelength routing optical switch consisting of cascaded smallsize cyclic arrayed waveguide gratings. IEEE Photon. Technology. Letters., 24(22), 2027–2030.
Shacham, A; and Bergman, K. Apr. 1 (2009). An experimental validation of a wavelength-striped, packet switched, optical interconnection network. IEEE Journal of Lightwave Technology., 27(7), 841–850.
Proietti, R.; Yin,Y.; Yu,R.; Ye,X.; Nitta,C.; Akella, V.; and Yoo, S. J. B. March 1, (2012) All-Optical Physical Layer NACK in AWGR-Based Optical Interconnects. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 24(5), 410-142.
Shukla V., A. Jain, R. Srivastava, “Physical Layer Analysis of Arrayed Waveguide Based Optical Switch”, International Journal of Applied Engineering Research (IJAER), Vol.-9 (21), pp.- 10035-10050, (2014).
Srivastava, R.; Singh, R. K.; and Singh, Y. N. (2009). Design Analysis of Optical Loop Memory. Journal of Lightwave Technology,27(21), 4821-4831.
Olsson, N. A.; (1990). Lightwave system with optical amplifiers.IEEE Journal of Lightwave Technology,7(7),1071-1082.
Shukla V., Jain A., Chapter Title: "Design and analysis of optical packet switch routers A review," Book Title: "Recent Developments in Intelligent Communication Applications” Publisher: IGI Global, Idea Group Publisher, Status: Published, ISBN, EISBN- 1522517855, 9781522517856, 2016.
Shukla, V., and R. Srivastava. "WDM fiber delay lines and AWG based optical packet switch architecture." Proceedings of National Conference on Innovative Trends in Computer Science Engineering (ITCSE-2015). 2015.
