Pedestrian Traffic Light Detection in Complex Scene Using Adaboost with Multi-layer Features

  • xue-hua wu Southeast University
  • Renjie Hu Southeast University
  • Yu-Qing Bao Nanjing Normal University
Keywords: pedestrian traffic light detection, Adaboost, multi-layer features

Abstract

In order to improve the accuracy of the pedestrian traffic light detection in complex scene, an
image detection method using AdaBoost with multi-layer features is proposed. In the proposed
method, the multi-layer features are adopted to characterize the pedestrian traffic lights, and the
AdaBoost algorithm is used to extract the discriminative multi-layer features automatically. The
multi-layer features consist of luminance and chrominance components, in which the luminancelayer
features are to grasp the shape information, and the chrominance-layer features are to
acquire color information. Based on the numerous features, hundreds of efficient weak classifiers
are selected by the AdaBoost algorithm to construct a strong classifier. With the strong classifier,
images are scanned in test procedure for detection of pedestrian traffic light. Testing results show
that the proposed multi-layer features in the CIELAB color space greatly improve the accuracy of
the pedestrian traffic light detection, and the proposed methods result in much better performance
than the state-of-the-art machine learning methods.

References

Aranda, J. & Mares, P. 2004. Visual system to help blind people to cross the street, International Conference

on Computers Helping People with Special Needs, 2004:454–461.

Charette, R.D. & Nashashibi, F. 2009. Real time visual traffic lights recognition based on spot light detection

and adaptive traffic lights templates, IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, 2009:358–363.

Chang, C. & Lin, C. 2001. LIBSVM: a library for support vector machines. Available Online: http://www.

csie.ntu.edu.tw/~cjlin/libsvm.

Chen, P., Yang, Y. & Chang, L. 2009. Automated bridge coating defect recognition using adaptive ellipse

approach, Automation in Construction, 18:632–643.

Chaves-gonzález, J.M., Vega-rodríguez, M.A., Gómez-pulido, J.A. & Sánchez-pérez, J.M. 2010.

Detecting skin in face recognition systems: A colour spaces study, Digital Signal Processing, 20:806–823.

Dalal, N. & Triggs, B. 2005. Histograms of oriented gradients for human detection, IEEE Computer Society

Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CA, USA.

Dios, J.J.d. & Garcia, N. 2003. Face detection based on a new color space YCgCr, International Conference

on Image Processing, Barcelona, Spain.

Dios, J.J.d. & Garcia, N. 2004. Fast face segmentation in component color space, International Conference

on Image Processing, Singapore, Singapore.

Elias, R. 2014. Digital Media: A problem-solving approach for computer graphics, Springer International

Publishing, Switzerland, doi:10.10076-05137-319-3-978/.

Encyclopedia of Color Science and Technology. 2016. CIELAB (Standards: CIE), Springer, New York,

doi:10.1007521000_7-8071-4419-1-978/.

Freund, Y. & Schapire, R.E. 1995. A desicion-theoretic generalization of on-line learning and an application

to boosting, European Conference on Computational Learning Theory, 1995:23–37.

Gil-Munoz, R., Gomez-Plaza, E. & Martinez, A. et al. 1998. Evolution of the CIELAB and other

spectrophotometric parameters during wine fermentation Influence of some pre and postfermentative

factors, Food Research International, 30(9):699–705.

Hersh, M.A. & Johnson, M.A. 2008. Assistive technology for visually impaired and blind people, Springer,

London, doi:10.10078-867-84628-1-978/.

Hill, B., Roger, T. & Vorhagen, F.W. 1997. Comparative analysis of the quantization of color spaces on the

basis of the CIELAB color-difference formula, ACM Transactions on Graphics, 16(2):109–154.

Hernández-hernández, J.L., García-mateos, G. & González-esquiva, J.M. 2016. Optimal color space

selection method for plant/soil segmentation in agriculture, Computers and Electronics in Agriculture,

:124–132.

Kishino, T., Zhe, S. & Micheletto, R. 2013. A fast and precise HOG-Adaboost based visual support system

capable to recognize Pedestrian and estimate their distance, International Conference on Image Analysis

and Processing, 8158:20–29.

Kim, K., Kim, S. & Cho, H.G. 2012. A compact photo browser for smartphone imaging system with contentsensitive

overlapping layout, 6th International Conference on Ubiquitous Information Management and

Communication, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Kasson, J.M. & Plouffe, W. 1992. An analysis of selected computer interchange color spaces, ACM

Transactions on Graphics, 11(4):373–405.

Manjunath, B.S., Ohm, J. & Vasudevan, V.V. 2001. Color and texture descriptors, IEEE Transactions on

Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 11(6):703–715.

Mittal, T. & Sharma, R. K. 2016. An improved SVM using predator prey optimization and Hooke-Jeeves

method for speech recognition, JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING RESEARCH, 4(1):2–20.

Mathew, S. 2014. Performance analysis of spatial color information for object detection using background

subtraction, 2014 International Conference on Future Information for Object, 10:63–69.

Omachi, M. & Omachi, S. 2009. Traffic light detection with color and edge information, 2nd IEEE International

Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology, 2009:284–287.

Oren, M., Osuna, E. & Poggio, T. 1997. Pedestrian detection using wavelet templates, IEEE Computer Society

Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 1997:193–199.

Papageorgiou, C.P. 1998. A general framework for object detection, 6th International Conference on

Computer Vision, 1998:555–562.

Qu, X. & Ding, T. 2010. A fast feature extraction algorithm for detection of foreign fiber in lint cotton within

a complex background, Acta Automatica Sinica, 36(6):785–790.

Roters, J., Jiang, X. & Rothaus, K. 2011. Recognition of traffic lights in live video streams on mobile

devices, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 21(10):1497–1511.

Roters, J., Jiang, X. & Rothaus, K. 2011. Identification of Traffic Lights for Pedestrians with Visual

Impairment by the use of Mobile Devices. Available Online: http://cvpr.uni-muenster.de/research/

pedestrianlights.

Recommendation ITU-R BT.601–7. 2011. Studio Encoding Parameters of Digital Television for Standard

:3 and Wide-screen 16:9 Aspect Ratios. Available Online: http://www.itu.int/rec/R-REC-BT.601-7-

-I/en.

Ramanath, R. & Drew, M.S. 2014. Color Spaces, Springer, US, doi:10.1007452_6-31439-387-0-978/.

Sung, T. & Tsai, H. 2013. Real-time traffic light recognition on mobile devices with geometry-based filtering,

th International Conference on Distributed Smart Cameras, CA, USA.

Smith, A.R. 1978. Color gamut transform pairs, ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics, 12(3):12–19.

Sangwine, S.J. 2000. Colour in image processing, Electronics and Communication Engineering Journal,

:211–219.

Sharifzadeh, S., Clemmensen, L.H. & Borggaard, C. 2014. Supervised feature selection for linear and

non-linear regression of L*a*b* color from multispectral images of meat, Engineering Applications of

Artificial Intelligence, 27:211–227.

Tang, J., Chen, X., Miao, R. & Wang, D. 2016. Weed detection using image processing under different

illumination for site-specific areas spraying, Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 122:103–111.

Viola, P. & Jones, M. 2004. Robust real-time face detection, International Journal of Computer Vision,

(2):137–154.

Wen, X., Shao, L., Xue, Y. & Fang, W. 2015. A rapid learning algorithm for vehicle classification,

Information Sciences, 295:395–406.

Xing, Y. & Luo, W. 2016. Facial expression recognition using local Gabor features and Adaboost classifiers

*, IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics & Computing, 016:228–232.

Yan, J., Li, J. & Gao, X. 2011. Chinese text location under complex background using Gabor filter and

SVM, Neurocomputing, 74(17):2998–3008.

Yang, M. & Sowmya, A. 2015. An underwater color image quality evaluation metric, IEEE Transactions on

Image Processing, 24(12):6062–6071.

Zhao, Y., Xu, X., Chen, C. & Yang, D. 2012. Color image segmentation algorithm of rapid level sets based on

HSV color space, International Conference on Information Engineering and Applications, 2012:483–489.

Zhang, H. 2014. A new shadow removal algorithm based on Susan and CIELAB Color Space, 6th International

Conference on Internet Multimedia Computing and Service, 2014:222–225.

Published
2018-10-31
Section
Computer Engineering