Analysis on Reclamation and Reuse of Wastewater in Kuwait
Abstract
Kuwait is ranked fifth globally in sanitation coverage. Approximately 90% of the total population has water and sanitation services. Five wastewater treatment plants with a total capacity of 239 million m3/y serve the urban and suburban areas. The per capita wastewater generation in Kuwait is 154.6 m3/capita/y, of which approximately 75% is treated and 58% of which is reused. The country is considering water recycling as a vital non-conventional water source to reduce consumption of expensive desalinated water and reduce overtaxing of depleted aquifers. This study provides a general review of Kuwait current treatment and reuse practices of domestic wastewater and focuses on effluent types, quantities of treated and reused water, future plans, challenges, costs, and tariffs, as well as proposes recommendations for better utilization of treated effluent.
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